Hi matthey,
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A modern clocked 68060 with modern die size and modern cache sizes would likely outperform everything here except modern x86_64 processors in this single core benchmark. It should even be possible for performance to improve some with a modern die shrink (shorter timings for instructions and addressing modes). The Apollo core claims even better performance than the 68060. The claim at the link I posted would give 3.70 MB/s/MHz which would be faster than an Intel Core 2 Duo for this test and would be even more impressive.
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It shouldn't be too surprising. I think Gunnar is figuring out many of the same cache optimizations that are used by Intel. One additional advantage that the '060 and '080 share is that the code density is slightly higher than most of the others.
The AMD64 instruction set brought registers that were only used for segment pointers that hung lifeless in 32-bit enhanced code back into circulation as general-purpose registers bringing the total up to 16. Of course the '080 has an additional bank of 8 bringing the total for the '080 up to 24, as you have probably heard.