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Very simple:
#: means a direct value
() means a location defined by the value in the parentheses
If there is an additional offset by a direct value it is outside or inside the parentheses depending on old or new style mnemonic syntax. Regardless the result is the sum of the values listed.
moveq #5,d0: move direct value 5 to register d0
Don't bother with the q thing, it is a cpu optimization that any decent assembler program will automatically add to it.
move.l d0,(a0): move the value of register d0 to the location stored in a0
move.l d0,(a0)+: same as above then increment a0 by the size of the operand in this case 4, as it is a longword
etc
You really should read some decent books on cpu architectures first.
A simple 8 bit cpu is a good start, to understand how and why 16 bit cpus are different.
Also 68k were designed to work nicely with compiled C code, many of the addressing modes are similar to typical C mechanisms so knowing C can help a lot.
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